1. Icao Pans Ops Doc 8168 Volume I Part Viii Chapter 3
2. Icao Pans-ops Aircraft Operations Manual Doc 8168 Volume 1

PANS-OPS is an air traffic control acronym which stands forProcedures for Air NavigationServices – Aircraft OPerationS. PANS-OPS are rules for designing instrument approach and departure procedures. Such procedures are used to allow aircraft to land and take off when instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) impose instrument flight rules (IFR).

ICAO rules[edit]

The Flight Safety section of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is responsible for PANS-OPS,^[1] which outlines the principles for airspace protection and procedure design to which all ICAO signatory states must adhere. The regulatory material surrounding PANS-OPS may vary from country to country.

Handling of obstacles[edit]

Chapter 4 of Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation '[establishes] a series of obstacle limitation surfaces that define the limits to which objects may project into the airspace' surrounding an aerodrome.^[2] PANS-OPS defines 'protection surfaces' which are imaginary surfaces in space that guarantee an aircraft a certain minimum obstacle clearance, similar to the purpose of obstacle limitation surfaces (OLS) in Annex 14. These surfaces may be used as a tool for local governments in assessing building development. Where buildings may (under certain circumstances) be permitted to penetrate the OLS, they cannot be permitted to penetrate any PANS-OPS surface, because the purpose of these surfaces is to guarantee pilots operating under IMC a descent path free of obstacles for a given approach.

PANS-OPS, (Doc 8168), Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Aircraft Operations Volume I — Flight Procedures Volume II— Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures PANS-OPS OAS Software PANS-TRG, (Doc 9868), Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Training. The user shall be aware that the Software should not be used without adequate knowledge of the contents of ICAO Document 8168-OPS/611, PROCEDURES FOR AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES, AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS, Volume II; and the user guide for the PANS-OPS OAS Software.

Other PANS[edit]

• PANS-ATM: Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Air Traffic Management (ICAO Doc. 4444)^[3]
• PANS-TRG: Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Training (ICAO Doc. 9868)^[4]
• PANS-AD (PANS-Aerodrome, ICAO Doc 9981)
• PANS-OPS (Aircraft operations, ICAO Doc 8168)
• PANS-ABC (Abbreviations and codes, ICAO Doc 8400)
• PANS-AIM (Aeronautical information management, ICAO Doc 10066)

History, Pans-Ops software[edit]

In 1989 the very first commercially available off the shelf instrument procedure design software conforming to ICAO document 8168 Pans-Ops was programmed.^{[citation needed]} This software was first demonstrated at Bailbrook College in Bath, England in 1992 to a procedure design course. Prior to this all procedure design was done with pencil, tracing paper and a calculator. The software was programmed on a 386 IBM laptop computer and written in the “LISP” programming language.

References[edit]

1. ^'Annexes and PANS'. International Civil Aviation Organization. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
2. ^Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation – Aerodromes, Volume I: Aerodrome Design and Operations (7th ed.). July 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
3. ^Procedures for Air Navigation Services, Air Traffic Management (16th ed.). International Civil Aviation Organization. 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
4. ^Procedures for Air Navigation Services, Training (2nd ed.). International Civil Aviation Organization. 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2018.

External links[edit]

• Procedures for Air Navigation Services, Aircraft Operations, Volume I: Flight Procedures (5th ed.). International Civil Aviation Organization. 2006. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
• Procedures for Air Navigation Services, Aircraft Operations, Volume II: Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures (6th ed.). International Civil Aviation Organization. 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2018.

Doc OPS/ Procedures for. Air Navigation Services. International Civil result of the ICAO PANS-OPS workshop series held from , the. Insert the following new and replacement pages in PANS-OPS, Volume I (Fourth . to the Catalogue of ICAO publications and audio visual training aids. 2. FOREWORD INTRODUCTION The Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS) consists of two volumes as.

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Aerodrome operating minima AOM are calculated by operators based on information supplied by national authorities in their AIPs. This information typically consists of approach and departure procedures which assure safe separation between the aircraft and known obstacles located close to the intended flight path of the procedure in question.

The procedures themselves are based on obstacle clearance domains constructed using internationally accepted standards. This is especially true in respect of Circling Approaches where the assumed radius of turn and minimum obstacle clearance are markedly different see below. These values are calculated differently and therefore, may result in different AOM.

ICAO Pans-Ops 8168

Table 1 shows the lowest value of visibility assumed by each method:. The circling approach area has been expanded to provide improved obstacle protection.

As a result, circling minima at certain airports may increase significantly. These distances, dependent on aircraft category, are also based on the circling altitude which accounts for the true airspeed increase with altitude.

ICAO PANS-OPS Flashcards by Gary Field | Brainscape

From May 2,the FAA started publishing new instrument approach plates that include kcao enlarged segment of airspace to protect aircraft during circling approaches. The new airspace also offers pilots additional obstacle clearance while considering their MSL altitude above the MDA, which affects true airspeed. The boundaries of protected airspace for circling approaches are defined by arcs drawn from the threshold of each runway at an airport.

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The higher the speed of the aircraft, the larger the arc.

Under the new criteria that radius will increase by 65 percent, to 2. Terminal Procedures and Jeppesen both plan to use new chart symbology to identify the updated approaches. Charts without the new designation will continue to be guided by the old, smaller-radii criteria. Both systems assume a 25 kt The latter is shown on Table This is iao to have been a major factor in the following fatal accident, which resulted in considerable loss of life: B, vicinity Busan Korea, Additionally, pilots not aware of the increased bank angle expected in US TERPS calculations might, in certain circumstances, stray outside the circling area due to the increased circling radius.

Icao Pans Ops Doc 8168 Volume I Part Viii Chapter 3

T_Documents – PANS-OPS Vol I (Doc )

It is therefore essential that pilots understand these differences and are aware of the basis of calculations for all airfields at which they intend to operate, including alternates. The basis for calculation of minima is usually printed on the approach plate see Further Reading: Jeppesen Chart Basics – a presentation.

National authorities or operators icoa require adjustments to be applied to operating minima to compensate for these differences. For details refer to the relevant documents listed below.

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Icao Pans-ops Aircraft Operations Manual Doc 8168 Volume 1